Saving Lives: Understanding Suicide Risk Factors

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Saving Lives—Understanding Suicide Risk Factors YBGR

A 2020 survey by the CDC found that 1 in 4 young adults has considered suicide. More than half of us have been touched by it in some way. Globally, suicide claims more lives than war, murder, and natural disasters combined.

September is Suicide Prevention Month, and we’re exploring suicide risk factors.

Below is Alexandra Valoras’ story, told in her family’s words. Alexandra was a straight-A student, class officer, and robotics whiz. Her death is a heartbreaking reminder that even those who seem to be thriving can be at risk.

Understanding suicide risk factors helps us see what isn’t always visible on the surface.

Risk Factors

Research shows there isn’t one single cause of suicide—it’s often the result of multiple risk factors coming together.

Prior suicide attempts

For every death by suicide, there are an estimated 25 attempts.

Mental health conditions

According to the American Foundation for Suicide Prevention, 90% of people who die by suicide had a diagnosable mental health condition.

Lack of access to mental health care

Without treatment, the risk of suicide rises significantly.

Substance misuse

Drugs and alcohol can impair judgment and increase impulsivity.

Prolonged stress

Harassment, bullying, relationship struggles, or unemployment elevate risk.

Significant life events

Divorce, financial crisis, grief, or major transitions (such as retirement) can heighten vulnerability.

Social isolation

Loneliness has been shown to increase risk for depression, anxiety, and premature death—rivaling the risks of smoking, obesity, and inactivity.

Chronic or terminal illness

Roughly 10% of suicides are linked to serious health conditions.

Access to lethal means

85% of suicide attempts with a gun are fatal, compared to 4% using other methods. Safe firearm storage is a key protective measure for youth.

Recent loss by suicide

Losing a friend or loved one to suicide can increase personal risk.

Protective Factors

Protective factors are personal or environmental characteristics that reduce risk and help people cope with life’s challenges.

Below are several protective factors that can mitigate risk of suicide.

  • Access to effective behavioral health care
  • Strong connections with family, friends, and community
  • Life skills such as problem-solving, coping, and ability to adapt to change
  • Self-esteem and a sense of meaning or purpose in life
  • Cultural, religious, or personal beliefs that discourage suicide

What to Do if Someone Is Struggling

If you’re concerned about someone, don’t be afraid to ask directly about suicide. You won’t “put the idea” in their head—many people feel relief when someone cares enough to ask.

If someone shares that they’re considering suicide:

  • Stay with them if they have immediate plans and means.
  • Take them to the emergency room to be evaluated by a mental health professional.
  • Call 911 if they’re in immediate danger.

Learn More: How to Talk to Someone About Suicide

If Your Child Is Struggling

Help is here. We provide mental health support for youth and families across Montana. Contact us here to get help for your child.

Learn More: 9 Warning Signs of Teen Suicide Parents Need to Know

If You’re Struggling

You don’t have to carry the weight alone. Reach out to a trusted friend or family member, and don’t hesitate to call 988 to connect with the National Suicide Prevention Lifeline. Support is just a call away.

Want to Learn More?

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